# Script for training ERFNet encoder in ImageNet
# Sept 2017
# Eduardo Romera
#######################
# BSD 3-Clause License
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# Copyright 2021 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
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# ============================================================================
import argparse
import os
import shutil
import time

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.parallel
import torch.backends.cudnn as cudnn
import torch.optim
import torch.utils.data
import torchvision.transforms as transforms
import torchvision.datasets as datasets
import torchvision.models as models

from torch.optim import lr_scheduler

from erfnet_imagenet import ERFNet

model_names = sorted(name for name in models.__dict__
    if name.islower() and not name.startswith("__")
    and callable(models.__dict__[name]))


parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='PyTorch ImageNet Training')
parser.add_argument('data', metavar='DIR',
                    help='path to dataset')
parser.add_argument('--arch', '-a', metavar='ARCH', default='erfnet',
                    #choices=model_names,
                    help='model architecture: ' +
                        ' | '.join(model_names) +
                        ' (default: resnet18)')
parser.add_argument('-j', '--workers', default=4, type=int, metavar='N',
                    help='number of data loading workers (default: 4)')
parser.add_argument('--epochs', default=90, type=int, metavar='N',
                    help='number of total epochs to run')
parser.add_argument('--start-epoch', default=0, type=int, metavar='N',
                    help='manual epoch number (useful on restarts)')
parser.add_argument('-b', '--batch-size', default=256, type=int,
                    metavar='N', help='mini-batch size (default: 256)')
parser.add_argument('--lr', '--learning-rate', default=0.1, type=float,
                    metavar='LR', help='initial learning rate')
parser.add_argument('--momentum', default=0.9, type=float, metavar='M',
                    help='momentum')
parser.add_argument('--weight-decay', '--wd', default=1e-4, type=float,
                    metavar='W', help='weight decay (default: 1e-4)')
parser.add_argument('--print-freq', '-p', default=10, type=int,
                    metavar='N', help='print frequency (default: 10)')
parser.add_argument('--resume', default='', type=str, metavar='PATH',
                    help='path to latest checkpoint (default: none)')
parser.add_argument('-e', '--evaluate', dest='evaluate', action='store_true',
                    help='evaluate model on validation set')
parser.add_argument('--pretrained', dest='pretrained', action='store_true',
                    help='use pre-trained model')

best_prec1 = 0

def main():
    global args, best_prec1
    args = parser.parse_args()

    # create model
    if (args.arch == 'erfnet'):
        model = ERFNet(1000)
    else:
        if args.pretrained:
            print("=> using pre-trained model '{}'".format(args.arch))
            model = models.__dict__[args.arch](pretrained=True)
        else:
            print("=> creating model '{}'".format(args.arch))
            model = models.__dict__[args.arch]()

    model = torch.nn.DataParallel(model).cuda()

    # define loss function (criterion) and optimizer
    criterion = nn.CrossEntropyLoss().cuda()

    optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(model.parameters(), args.lr,
                                momentum=args.momentum,
                                weight_decay=args.weight_decay)

   # optionally resume from a checkpoint
    if args.resume:
        if os.path.isfile(args.resume):
            print("=> loading checkpoint '{}'".format(args.resume))
            checkpoint = torch.load(args.resume)
            args.start_epoch = checkpoint['epoch']
            best_prec1 = checkpoint['best_prec1']
            model.load_state_dict(checkpoint['state_dict'])
            optimizer.load_state_dict(checkpoint['optimizer'])
            print("=> loaded checkpoint '{}' (epoch {})"
                  .format(args.resume, checkpoint['epoch']))
        else:
            print("=> no checkpoint found at '{}'".format(args.resume))

    cudnn.benchmark = True

    # Data loading code
    traindir = os.path.join(args.data, 'train')
    valdir = os.path.join(args.data, 'val')
    normalize = transforms.Normalize(mean=[0.485, 0.456, 0.406],
                                     std=[0.229, 0.224, 0.225])

    train_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
        datasets.ImageFolder(traindir, transforms.Compose([
            #RemoveExif(),
            transforms.RandomResizedCrop(224),
            transforms.RandomHorizontalFlip(),
            transforms.ToTensor(),
            normalize,
        ])),
        batch_size=args.batch_size, shuffle=True,
        num_workers=args.workers, pin_memory=True)

    val_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
        datasets.ImageFolder(valdir, transforms.Compose([
            transforms.Resize(256),
            transforms.CenterCrop(224),
            transforms.ToTensor(),
            normalize,
        ])),
        batch_size=args.batch_size, shuffle=False,
        num_workers=args.workers, pin_memory=True)

    if args.evaluate:
        validate(val_loader, model, criterion)
        return

    for epoch in range(args.start_epoch, args.epochs):
        adjust_learning_rate(optimizer, epoch)

        # train for one epoch
        train(train_loader, model, criterion, optimizer, epoch)

        # evaluate on validation set
        prec1 = validate(val_loader, model, criterion)

        # remember best prec@1 and save checkpoint
        is_best = prec1 > best_prec1
        best_prec1 = max(prec1, best_prec1)
        save_checkpoint({
            'epoch': epoch + 1,
            'arch': args.arch,
            'state_dict': model.state_dict(),
            'best_prec1': best_prec1,
            'optimizer' : optimizer.state_dict(),
        }, is_best)

        #scheduler.step(prec1, epoch)    #decreases learning rate if prec1 plateaus


def train(train_loader, model, criterion, optimizer, epoch):
    batch_time = AverageMeter()
    data_time = AverageMeter()
    losses = AverageMeter()
    top1 = AverageMeter()
    top5 = AverageMeter()

    # switch to train mode
    model.train()

    end = time.time()
    for i, (input, target) in enumerate(train_loader):
        # measure data loading time
        data_time.update(time.time() - end)

        target = target.cuda(async=True)
        input_var = torch.autograd.Variable(input)
        target_var = torch.autograd.Variable(target)

        # compute output
        output = model(input_var)
        loss = criterion(output, target_var)

        # measure accuracy and record loss
        prec1, prec5 = accuracy(output.data, target, topk=(1, 5))
        losses.update(loss.data[0], input.size(0))
        top1.update(prec1[0], input.size(0))
        top5.update(prec5[0], input.size(0))

        # compute gradient and do SGD step
        optimizer.zero_grad()
        loss.backward()
        optimizer.step()

        # measure elapsed time
        batch_time.update(time.time() - end)
        end = time.time()

        if i % args.print_freq == 0:
            for param_group in optimizer.param_groups:
                lr = param_group['lr']
            print('Epoch: [{0}][{1}/{2}][lr:{lr:.6g}]\t'
                  'Time {batch_time.val:.3f} ({batch_time.avg:.2f}) / '
                  'Data {data_time.val:.3f} ({data_time.avg:.2f})\t'
                  'Loss {loss.val:.3f} ({loss.avg:.3f})\t'
                  'Prec@1 {top1.val:.2f} ({top1.avg:.2f})\t'
                  'Prec@5 {top5.val:.2f} ({top5.avg:.2f})'.format(
                   epoch, i, len(train_loader), batch_time=batch_time,
                   data_time=data_time, loss=losses, top1=top1, top5=top5, lr=lr))


def validate(val_loader, model, criterion):
    batch_time = AverageMeter()
    losses = AverageMeter()
    top1 = AverageMeter()
    top5 = AverageMeter()

    # switch to evaluate mode
    model.eval()

    end = time.time()
    for i, (input, target) in enumerate(val_loader):
        target = target.cuda(async=True)
        input_var = torch.autograd.Variable(input, volatile=True)
        target_var = torch.autograd.Variable(target, volatile=True)

        # compute output
        output = model(input_var)
        loss = criterion(output, target_var)

        # measure accuracy and record loss
        prec1, prec5 = accuracy(output.data, target, topk=(1, 5))
        losses.update(loss.data[0], input.size(0))
        top1.update(prec1[0], input.size(0))
        top5.update(prec5[0], input.size(0))

        # measure elapsed time
        batch_time.update(time.time() - end)
        end = time.time()

        if i % args.print_freq == 0:
            print('Test: [{0}/{1}]\t'
                  'Time {batch_time.val:.3f} ({batch_time.avg:.3f})\t'
                  'Loss {loss.val:.4f} ({loss.avg:.4f})\t'
                  'Prec@1 {top1.val:.3f} ({top1.avg:.3f})\t'
                  'Prec@5 {top5.val:.3f} ({top5.avg:.3f})'.format(
                   i, len(val_loader), batch_time=batch_time, loss=losses,
                   top1=top1, top5=top5))

    print(' * Prec@1 {top1.avg:.3f} Prec@5 {top5.avg:.3f}'
          .format(top1=top1, top5=top5))

    return top1.avg


def save_checkpoint(state, is_best, filename='checkpoint.pth.tar'):
    torch.save(state, filename)
    if is_best:
        shutil.copyfile(filename, 'model_best.pth.tar')


class AverageMeter(object):
    """Computes and stores the average and current value"""
    def __init__(self):
        self.reset()

    def reset(self):
        self.val = 0
        self.avg = 0
        self.sum = 0
        self.count = 0

    def update(self, val, n=1):
        self.val = val
        self.sum += val * n
        self.count += n
        self.avg = self.sum / self.count


def adjust_learning_rate(optimizer, epoch):
    """Sets the learning rate to the initial LR decayed by 10 every 30 epochs"""    
    lr = args.lr
    wd = 1e-4
    milestone = 15  #after epoch milestone, lr is reduced exponentially
    if epoch > milestone:
        lr = args.lr * (0.95 ** (epoch-milestone))
        wd = 0
    for param_group in optimizer.param_groups:
        param_group['lr'] = lr
        param_group['weight_decay'] = wd

def accuracy(output, target, topk=(1,)):
    """Computes the precision@k for the specified values of k"""
    maxk = max(topk)
    batch_size = target.size(0)

    _, pred = output.topk(maxk, 1, True, True)
    pred = pred.t()
    correct = pred.eq(target.view(1, -1).expand_as(pred))

    res = []
    for k in topk:
        correct_k = correct[:k].view(-1).float().sum(0)
        res.append(correct_k.mul_(100.0 / batch_size))
    return res


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
